5.1 Production Status of Imported Organic Products in China
Imported organic products in China refer to organic products produced and certified in overseas production areas in accordance with Chinese organic product standards and imported into China. The market demand for organic products in China has been continuously increasing, and more and more foreign enterprises wish to import their organic products into China. The overseas certified area for Chinese organic products is also growing larger and larger.
In 2014, a total of 10 certification bodies conducted overseas certification, issuing 121 organic certificates and certifying 66 enterprises. Among the bodies conducting overseas certification, the top five in terms of the number of certificates issued were Hangzhou WIT, Nanjing GUOHUAN, CHINA ORGANIC, China Quality Certification Center, and Beijing ECOCERT. These 10 certification bodies conducted organic certification in 20 overseas countries. The countries with the largest number of certificates and enterprises were Italy, followed by Spain, Austria, Denmark, Australia, the United States, New Zealand, Germany, and Thailand (Figure 5-1).
The total overseas certified area for Chinese organic products was 265,000 hectares, of which Turkey accounted for 181,000 hectares. The product certified in Turkey was pomegranate, accounting for 68.31% of the total overseas certified area; followed by Denmark with 54,000 hectares, accounting for 20.41%; Brazil with 20,000 hectares (sugarcane production), Italy with 3,000 hectares, and Spain with 2,000 hectares (Figure 5-2). The total organic certified planting area of 11 countries including France, Chile, and India was 5,000 hectares. Austria, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland had only processed products, with an organic certified planting area of 0.
In 2014, the total overseas certified production was 2.499 million tons, of which Brazil's certified production was 1.532 million tons, mainly organic sugarcane production, accounting for 61.31% of the total overseas certified production; followed by Denmark with 471,000 tons, accounting for 18.81%, with Denmark's products mainly being dairy products; Italy, Turkey, and India ranked third to fifth. The sum of the production of these five countries accounted for 92.61% of the total production (Figure 5-2).
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The total overseas certified area for Chinese organic products was 265,000 hectares, of which the organic planting area was 207,000 hectares, the fruit planting area was 185,000 hectares, accounting for 69.91% of the total area, livestock and poultry (pasture area for milk production) accounted for 58,000 hectares, accounting for 21.81%; sugar crops planting area was 21,000 hectares, accounting for 7.91% (Table 5-1).
There were 50 varieties of organic products certified overseas, of which 27 products belonged to processed products. The total overseas production of organic products was 2.499 million tons, of which sugar crop production was 1.536 million tons, accounting for 78.05% of the total overseas organic products, and processed products were 289,000 tons, mainly wine, vegetable oil, and condiments.
5.2 Production Status of Exported Organic Products in China
The analytical data used in this report were provided by six foreign-funded organic certification bodies: ECOCERT of France, BCS of Germany, CERES of Germany, JONA of Japan, IBD of Brazil, and BAC of Italy. The data information includes the types of exported agricultural products, trade volume, trade value, and destination countries in 2014. The products analyzed in this section are products produced and traded in accordance with foreign standards (mainly including the European Union, the United States, Japan, Australia, and other countries).
According to statistics, there were 1,198 enterprises producing and certified in accordance with foreign standards, 1,037 production bases, and 698 organic product processing plants; in 2014, the products certified in accordance with foreign organic standards mainly included plant products, livestock and poultry products, processed products, and aquatic products. The total organic planting certified area was 1,113,800 hectares, of which the organic certified area was 800,700 hectares and the wild collection area was 328,400 hectares. In 2014, the total certified production of plant products was 3,358,600 tons (58.47%), processed products were 2,275,400 tons (39.62%), livestock and poultry products were 107,200 tons (1.87%), and aquatic products were 2,500 tons (0.04%).
5.2.1 Production Status of Plant Products
In 2014, plant products certified in accordance with foreign standards included cereals, vegetables, fruits and nuts, etc. The total certified area was 800,700 hectares, of which the organic certified area was 779,300 hectares (97.33%) and the conversion certified area was 21,400 hectares (2.67%). The total certified production was 3,263,300 tons, of which organic certified production was 3,160,800 tons (96.86%) and conversion certified production was 102,500 tons (3.14%) (Table 5-2).
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Among all planted crops, pulses and other oil crops had the largest planting area, at 432,900 hectares, followed by cereals at 142,200 hectares and fruits and nuts at 131,300 hectares. The planting area of vegetables was 50,000 hectares. Corresponding to the area, the production of cereals also ranked first, at 1,893,800 tons (56.62%); pulses and other oil crops ranked second, at 514,000 tons (15.37%); vegetables ranked third, at 435,200 tons (13.01%). From a comparison of the data for 2013 and 2014, except for a slight decrease in the planting area of cereals, the planting areas of other products increased slightly. Overall, the total area of organic planting in accordance with foreign standards did not change much, basically remaining at around 800,000 hectares (Figure 5-3).
Whether in terms of area or production, plant products were mainly cultivated, with wild collection accounting for a relatively low proportion. The wild collection area was 328,400 hectares, with a production of 156,600 tons. The wild-collected plant products were mainly fruits and nuts, plant-based traditional Chinese medicines, pulses and other oil crops, and other plants.
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5.2.2 Livestock and Poultry, Aquatic, and Processed Products文章源自FOFCC-http://fofcc.org.cn/am/11575/
In 2014, the total certified production of livestock and poultry products was 107,200 tons. The main certified animal product was cow milk, at 86,400 tons, accounting for 80.60% of the total livestock and poultry production; other animal products amounted to 14,800 tons, mainly eggs, accounting for 13.87% of livestock and poultry products. Live animals mainly included goats, pigs, and chickens, totaling more than 5,000 tons. For aquatic products, only seaweed and sea grass were certified, with a production of 2,470 tons.
In 2014, processed products applying for foreign organic standard certification in China included 16 categories such as grain milling, processed feed, and by-products of vegetable oil processing (Table 5-3). The total production of processed products was 2,275,700 tons, of which organic certified production was 2,275,400 tons, accounting for 99.99%, and conversion certified production was very small, only 300 tons.
Grain milling had the highest production, at 475,700 tons, accounting for 20.90% of the total production of processed products, followed by processed feed, by-products of vegetable oil processing, processed and preserved fruits and nuts, and processed or preserved vegetables. The production of these five categories accounted for 73.08% of the total production; starch and starch products, cereal flour products such as noodles, processed liquid milk or cream, vegetable oil processing, and food not elsewhere classified each accounted for less than 10%; fruit juice and vegetable juice, fermented wines such as wine and fruit wine, aquatic product processing, other dairy products, baijiu, and natural fibers for spinning accounted for very small proportions, all less than 1%.
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